Electric generator



A. H. NEULAND.

ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED nEc.24.19|1. RENEWED Dec. 24,1919.

Patented Feb. 24,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- INVENTOR BY gm WMMz/ ATTORNEYS A. H. NEULAND.

- ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.24, I917- RENEWED DEC. 24. 1919.

1,331,998., Patented Feb. 24,1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2- N nwavm v e f. M, a n1 ALFON S H. NEULAND, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 24, 1920.

Application filed December 24, 1917, Serial No. 208,533. Renewed December 24, 1919. Serial No. 347,194.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFONS H. NEULAND, a citizen of the Provisional Government of Russia, residing at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Generators, of which the followin is a full, clear, and exact description.

y invention relates to electric generators and is well adapted for embodiment as a magneto capable offurnishin high tension ignition and low tension lighting currents.

An object of my invention is to provide a construction in which the full field strength and flux is used for generating both ignition and lighting currents without any objectionable interference by one coil in the generation of current in the other coil.

Another object is to provide a generator which will permit the use of a single high tension coil directly on the armature core.

Other general objects are chea ness and simplicity of construction, and reliability of operation. Still other ob ects and advanta es of my inventionwill appear from the following description.

In accordance with my invention the parts are so arranged and constructed that the full field strength and flux is concentrated at one time upon the ignition winding and, after the spark has been produced, the full field strength and flux is thenutilized n generating a current in the lightmg c1rcu1t.

For eflectin this result the armature core is composed 0% two portions, bothof which are at all times traversed by the entire flux but which cooperate in such a way with the pole members that the flux reverses through the two portions at diiferent times. The 1gnition circuit winding is on one portion and the lighting circuit winding is on the other portion.

In the simplest and most desirable embodiment of my invention at present known to me one of the portions of the armature core is ivided into two parts with the other portion between the two parts, and the flux varyingly divides between the two parts of the one portion while it reverses through the interl'nediate portion and cumulatively reverses through the two part position while remaining constant through the intermediate portion. The winding on the divided portion consists of'two coils wound preferably in series and in the same direction. The intermediate portion is provided with another winding and the core is provided with shoes which successively bridge the pole members through the armature core in such a way as to effect the desired result.

My invention also comprehends other novel features of construction and arrangements of parts as will hereinafter more fully appear.

I shall now describe the illustrated embodiment of my invention andshall thereafter point out my invention in claims.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of a complete device embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same;

Figs. 3 to 8 inclusive, are diagrams of the magnetic circuit at successive positions of, the parts.

The illustrated embodiment is a magneto of the fly-wheel type, the magnets being rotative and serving as the fly-wheel, and the armature being arranged internally and being stationar One pole pair is employed and the armature is shaped like a ring, being an incomplete ring. In this way the middle part of the ring can serve as the one portion and the two ends or sides as the other portion, upon which portions the windings are arranged and through which the flux reverses at different times. A cylindrical nonmagnetic casing 1 is employed which includes a hub, preferably provided with a tapered bore, and mounted upon a taper extension of the engine shaft 3. The magnets are carried internally by the casing 1. In the construction shown two permanent magnets 4 and 5 are employed, which are of such a length as to leave a space between their ends and which are arranged with their ends of like polarity adjacent. The spaces be-. tween the ends of the magnets are bridged by the pole shoes 6 and 7 which connect the ends of the magnets and are secured thereto by screws 8, the heads of which screws protrude through the casing 1 and serve to prevent relative mdvement between the magnets and the casing. The two pole shoes 6 and 7 are disposed directly opposite each other and tion of the magnets,

ing circuit are preferably arranged on the ll-shaped and is stationary. The core 9 is laminated and is screwed to a non-magnetic flange 10 on the front face of the casing,

which face is secured to the engine casing or two sides of the core and comprise the coils 12 and 18 which, as shown in 3, are in series and wound in the same direction. When the lighting coils are on the sides of the core, as in the illustrated construction,

the high tension coil is wound directly upon the base or intermediate portion of the core. This high tension coil consists of the primary 1a and the secondary to.

When the magnets in their rotation by the engine assume the position shown in Fig. 3, in which. the positive pole shoe 6 is in magnetic relation with the upper lefthand armature shoe a, and the negative pole shoe 7 is in. magnetic relation with the lower right-hand armature shoe 0?, the entire fiux passes downwardly through the lighting coil 12 on the left side and from left to right through the ignition coil on the base portion of the armature core. At this instant the current through both coils isat zero.v "When the magnets have assumed the position shown in Fig. l in which the positive pole shoe bridges the two upper armature shoes at and c, and the negative pole shoe bridges the two lower armature shoes I) and d, the flux has fallen to zero through the ignition coil and therefore the ignition current is at its maximum. The

' entire flux now divides through the lighting coils, passing downwardly through the two arms as indicated by the arrows, but there has been no change in the quantity of flux cutting the lighting coils and'therefore the lightingcurrent is still at zero.

When the magnets have rotated to the position shown in Fig; 5 in which the posi tive pole has broken withthe upper lefthand armature shoe 0; and the negative pole has broken-with the right-hand armature shoe ol, the entire flux passes downwardly through the right-hand lighting coil 13 and now passes from right to left through the ignition coil. lln other words, the reversal of the flux through the ignition coil is now complete, while there has been no change in the direction or quantity of the flux cutting the lighting coils.

The continued rotation of the magnets brings them to the position shown in Fig.

. armature shoe .0? and menses 6 in which the positive pole bridges the two right-hand armature shoes 0 and al and the negative pole bridges the two left-hand armature shoes a and 5, which change in relation of the parts has produced a change in the effective flux cutting the lighting coils. As the positive pole approaches the proaches the armature shoe 0;, the flux passing downwardly through thecoil l3 'hegins to decrease and there hegins a passage of the negative pole apflux. upwardly through the coil lQas indicated by the arrows. Consequently a flux change through the lighting coils has taken place and a current is now generated therein. AS the positive and negative pole shoes in their continued rotation break with the armature shoes 0 and b, respectively, as shown in Fig 7,'all of the flux passes upwardly through the lighting coil 12 on the leiftside; The reversal or the flux through the lighting coils is therefore now complete, I

lit will be noted that during this reversal the entire flux continues to pass from right tolleit through the ignition coil.

When the magnets rotate so that the positive pole bridges the two lower magnet shoes and the negative pole bridges the two upper magnet shoes, as shown iii-Fig. 8, the flux traversing the ignition winding has again lallento zero and the flux rises again to its maximum in the opposite direction as the magnets break a and 0?. During this movement the flux cutting the lighting coils first varyingly divides between the left and right-hand coils, as indicatedby the arrows in Fig. 8, and finally entirely traverses the right-hand coil when the reversal of the flux through the ignition winding is completed.

It will, therefore, be noted that the quantity f flux through each of the two lighting coils is variable, but that the sum of the fluxes through the two coils'l2 and 13 is the entire flux of both magnets and does not change during the period of reversal of the flux through the high tension coil. The

presence of the lighting coils in the magnetic circuit consequently does not in any way interfere with the rapid reversal of the flux through the high; tension ignition coil, Even though the rate bf flux change through the lighting and ignition coils is the same dur ng the period of reversal through the ignit on coil, the fluxchange through one hghtmg coil is opposed and neutralized by a corresponding flux change through the other lighting coil. Similarly when the entire flux is concentrated and caused to rapidly vary and reverse through the lightmg coils, the flux remains constant through the high tension ignition coil and the presenoe of the ignition coil in the magnetic circu1t in no wise interferes with the gener till with the armature shoesice are

' will be connected to the drawings and above ation of current in the lighting coils, even though the primary'of the high tension coil be short-circuited' through a breaker.

The primary of the ignition'coil may be connecmd through a breaker 16 which is operated by acam 17 on the hub of the casing, and the secondary of the ignition coil the spark lug and to ground in the usual manner. condenser may breaker points, in accordance with the present well known practice.

It is obvious that various modifications may be made in the construction shown in particularly described within the principle and scope of my invention. I

I claim:

1. A generator shoes of opposite tary armature core comprising a pair of pole polarity, a relatively rohaving two portions traversed by the entire fiux and cooperative to reverse in direction with the pole shoes to cause the entire flux through the twoportions at different times, an induced coil in one circuit disposed upon one portion of the core,

and a second induced coil in another circuit disposed upon the other portion of the core.

2. A generator comprisinga pair of pole shoes of opposite polarity, and arelatively rotary armature core including a plurality of spaced shoe portions operative to successively 'leridge portions of the core and cause the entire flux from the pole shoes to traverse one portion bf the core and periodically reverse therein, and to varying-1y divide between two parts of another portion and periodically reverse in direction therein.

3. A generator comprising a pair of pole shoes of opposite polarity, a relativelyrotary armature core including a plurality of spaced shoe portions operative to successively bridge the pole shoes through various fromthe pole shoes to portions of the core and cause the entire flux traverse one portion of the core and periodically reverse therein,

and to varyingly divide between twoparts of another portion and periodically reverse in direction therein, an induced coil in one circuit disposed upon the first mentioned portion of the core, and a second induced coil in another circuit disposed upon one of ,the last mentioned parts ofthe core.

4.- A enerator comprising a pair of pole shoes o opposite polarity, a relatively rotary armature core including a plurality of spaced shoe portions operative to successively bridge the pole shoes through various portions of the core and cause the entire flux to traverse one portion of the core and periodically reverse therein, and to varyingly divide between two parts of another portion and periodically reverse in direction therein,

be used and connected across 'the other the pole shoes through various,

an induced coil in one circuit disposed upon the first mentioned portion of the core, and two induced coils in series in another circuit disposed upon the two last mentioned parts of the core.

5. A generator comprising a pair of pole shoes of opposite polarity, and a relatively rotary armature core including a plurality of spaced shoe portions operative to successively bridge the pole shoes through various portions of the core and cause the entire flux to traverse one portion of the core and reverse therein at certain periods and to varyingly divide between two parts of another portion and reverse therein at certain other periods.

'6. A generator comprising a pair of pole shoes of opposite polarity, a relatively rotary armature'core including a plurality of spaced shoe portions operative to successively bridge. the pole shoes through various portions of the core and cause the entire flux to traverse one portion of the core and reverse therein at certain periods and to varyingly divide between two parts of another portion and reverse therein at certain periods, an induced coil in one circuit disposed upon the'first mentioned portion of the core, and twoinduced coils in series in another circuit wound in the same direction on the two last mentioned parts of the core.

7. A generator comprising a pairof arouate pole shoesof opposite polarity, and a relatively rotary continuous arcuate armature provided at intervals with four shoes adapted to successively bridge the pole shoes through various portions of the core.

8. A generator comprising a pair of pole shoes of opposite polarity, a relatively rotary arcuate armature provided at intervals with four shoes adapted to successively bridge the poleshoes through various portions of the core, an induced coil in one electric circuit disposed on the core between the two inner shoes, and two induced coils'in series in another electric circuit disposed onthe core outside of the two inner shoes.

9. A generator comprising a pair of arcuate pole shoes, a relatively rotary U-shap'ed armature core having an arcuate shoe at each,

of its four corners, an ignition circuit winding surrounding the base of the armature core, and a 11g hting circuit winding surrounding the sides of the armature core.

10. A generator comprising a pair of arcu-- ate pole shoes spaced substantially 180 apart and substantially 90 in spread, a rela- "tively rotary U-shaped armature core havat each of its four coring an arcuate shoe ners, an ignition circuit winding surrounding the base of the armature core, and a l' hting circuit Winding surrounding the sides of the armature core. v

11. A generator comprising an arcuate permanent magnet,

stantially 90 in of said magnet apart, means memes two pole shoes of subspreadv arranged internally and; spaced substantially 180 for rotating the magnet including'a shaft extending through the generator, a stationary LE-shaped armature core having an arcuate shoe at 6M1]. of its four corners, an igni tion circuit Winriing surrounding the base of the armature core, two

lighting circult coils in series wound in the same direction around the sides of the arma- In witness whereof I subscribe my signature.

ALFONS H. NEEULAND. 

